--- /dev/null
+% -*- mode: latex; mode: reftex; mode: auto-fill; mode: flyspell; coding: utf-8; tex-command: "pdflatex.sh"; TeX-master: "lbdl.tex" -*-
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\usepackage{amsmath}
+\usepackage{amssymb}
+\usepackage{dsfont}
+\usepackage{ifthen}
+\usepackage{caption}
+
+\let\ordinal\relax
+\usepackage[us]{datetime}
+\newdateformat{dotdate}{\THEYEAR.\twodigit{\THEMONTH}.\twodigit{\THEDAY}}
+
+\usepackage{imakeidx}
+\makeindex[intoc,columns=1]
+
+\usepackage{enumitem}
+\setlist[itemize]{leftmargin=0pt,itemindent=1em,itemsep=2ex}
+\setlist{nosep} % or \setlist{noitemsep} to leave space around whole list
+
+\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
+\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
+\usepackage[osf]{libertine}
+\usepackage{microtype}
+
+\usepackage[
+ linktocpage=true,
+ unicode=true,
+ bookmarks=true,
+ bookmarksnumbered=false,
+ bookmarksopen=false,
+ breaklinks=true,
+ pdfborder={0 0 1},
+ backref=page,
+ colorlinks=true,
+ linkcolor=links,
+ urlcolor=links,
+ citecolor=links,
+]{hyperref} % PDF meta-information specification
+
+\urlstyle{same}
+
+\usepackage[object=vectorian]{pgfornament}
+\def\textsep{%
+\vskip1.5ex
+
+\centerline{\pgfornament[anchor=center,ydelta=0pt,width=2cm]{82}}
+
+\vskip0.5ex
+}
+
+\AddToHook{cmd/section/before}{\clearpage}
+\usepackage[section]{placeins}
+
+\usepackage{xspace}
+\def\wordfig{Figure\xspace}
+\def\wordtable{Table\xspace}
+\def\wordchap{Chapter\xspace}
+
+\let\oldcenter\center
+\let\oldendcenter\endcenter
+\renewenvironment{center}{\setlength\topsep{0pt}\oldcenter}{\oldendcenter}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% Math
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\setlength{\thinmuskip}{1mu} % by default it is equal to 3 mu
+\setlength{\medmuskip}{1mu} % by default it is equal to 4 mu
+\setlength{\thickmuskip}{3mu} % by default it is equal to 5 mu
+
+\makeatletter
+\DeclareFontEncoding{LS1}{}{}
+\DeclareFontSubstitution{LS1}{stix}{m}{n}
+\DeclareMathAlphabet{\mathcal}{LS1}{stixscr}{m}{n}
+\makeatother
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\def\given{\,\middle\vert\,}
+\newcommand{\proba}{{P}}
+\newcommand{\seq}{{S}}
+\newcommand{\expect}{\mathds{E}}
+\newcommand{\variance}{\mathds{V}}
+\newcommand{\empexpect}{\hat{\mathds{E}}}
+\newcommand{\mutinf}{\mathds{I}}
+\newcommand{\empmutinf}{\hat{\mathds{I}}}
+\newcommand{\entropy}{\mathds{H}}
+\newcommand{\empentropy}{\hat{\mathds{H}}}
+\newcommand{\ganG}{\mathbf{G}}
+\newcommand{\ganD}{\mathbf{D}}
+\newcommand{\ganF}{\mathbf{F}}
+
+\newcommand{\dkl}{\mathds{D}_{\mathsf{KL}}}
+\newcommand{\djs}{\mathds{D}_{\mathsf{JS}}}
+
+\newcommand*{\vertbar}{\rule[-1ex]{0.5pt}{2.5ex}}
+\newcommand*{\horzbar}{\rule[.5ex]{2.5ex}{0.5pt}}
+
+\def\positionalencoding{\operatorname{pos-enc}}
+\def\concat{\operatorname{concat}}
+\def\crossentropy{\LL_{\operatorname{ce}}}
+
+\def\embedding{\operatorname{embed}}
+\def\mha{\operatorname{mha}}
+\def\layernorm{\operatorname{layernorm}}
+\def\batchnorm{\operatorname{batchnorm}}
+\def\fullyconnected{\operatorname{fully-conn}}
+\def\softargmax{\operatorname{softargmax}}
+\def\selfattention{\operatorname{self-att}}
+\def\crossattention{\operatorname{cross-att}}
+\def\attention{\operatorname{att}}
+\def\relu{\operatorname{relu}}
+\def\gelu{\operatorname{gelu}}
+\def\dropout{\operatorname{dropout}}
+\def\resblock{\operatorname{resblock}}
+\def\dresblock{\operatorname{dresblock}}
+\def\reshape{\operatorname{reshape}}
+\def\convtwod{\operatorname{conv-2d}}
+\def\maxpool{\operatorname{maxpool}}
+\def\avgpool{\operatorname{avgpool}}
+%\def\samax{\Upsilon}
+%\def\samax{\operatorname{samax}}
+\def\sigmoid{\operatorname{sigm}}
+\def\sample{\operatorname{sample}}
+\def\diag{\operatorname{diag}}
+\def\sign{\operatorname{sign}}
+\def\argmax{\operatornamewithlimits{argmax}}
+\def\argmin{\operatornamewithlimits{argmin}}
+
+%\usepackage{oldgerm}
+\usepackage{relsize}
+
+%\newcommand{\li}[1]{^{\textgoth{#1}}}
+\newcommand{\li}[1]{^{\scalebox{.5}{\textbf{#1}}}}
+%% \newcommand{\li}[1]{^{\textbf{#1}}}
+%\newcommand{\li}[1]{{|#1}}
+\newcommand{\DATAVAR}{\mathbf{{\cal D}}}
+\newcommand{\DATAVAL}{\mathbf{d}}
+\newcommand{\BD}{\mathbf{D}}
+\newcommand{\LL}{\mathcal{L}}
+\newcommand{\Ll}{\mathcal{l}}
+\newcommand{\RR}{\mathbb{R}}
+\newcommand{\Lh}{\mathcal{h}}
+\newcommand{\transpose}{^{\top}}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% tikz
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\usepackage{tikz}
+\usetikzlibrary{arrows,arrows.meta,calc}
+\usetikzlibrary{patterns,backgrounds}
+\usetikzlibrary{positioning,fit}
+\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric,shapes.multipart}
+\usetikzlibrary{patterns.meta,decorations.pathreplacing,calligraphy}
+\usetikzlibrary{tikzmark}
+\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathmorphing}
+
+% remove the "There is no ... in font nullfont!" errors
+\AtBeginEnvironment{tikzpicture}{\tracinglostchars=0\relax}
+
+%% \tikzset{
+%% }
+
+\definecolor{paramcolor}{rgb}{0.85,0.85,0.85}
+
+\tikzset{
+ axes/.style={
+ samples=1000,
+ %smooth,
+ scale=0.8,
+ },
+}
+
+\newlength{\layergap}
+\setlength{\layergap}{2pt}
+\newlength{\layerthickness}
+\setlength{\layerthickness}{12pt}
+\newlength{\layerwidth}
+\setlength{\layerwidth}{4.5em}
+
+\newlength{\diminfoshift}
+\setlength{\diminfoshift}{70pt}
+
+\tikzset{
+ >={Straight Barb[angle'=80,scale=1.2]},
+ deepnet/.style={
+%% background rectangle/.style={fill=paper},
+%% show background rectangle,
+ %every text node part/.style={align=center},
+ rounded corners=0.5pt,
+ curly brace/.style={sharp corners,very thick,decoration={calligraphic brace,amplitude=0.20cm},decorate},
+ font=\footnotesize,
+ halo/.style={
+ %% on layer=background,
+ preaction={
+ draw=white,line width=2pt,-,%shorten <=1pt,shorten >=1pt,
+ },
+ },
+ operator/.style={draw=black,inner sep=1pt},
+ next/.style={above=##1\layergap of \tikzlastnode},
+ next/.default={1},
+ prev/.style={below=##1\layergap of \tikzlastnode},
+ prev/.default={1},
+ var/.style={inner sep=2pt},
+ layer/.style={operator,minimum width=\layerwidth,minimum height=\layerthickness,text depth=1pt,text height=1.3ex},
+ layer large/.style={layer,minimum height=1.75\layerthickness},
+ layer small/.style={layer,minimum width=\layerthickness},
+ info line/.style={
+ draw=black,line width=0.4pt,dash pattern=on 0.4pt off 2pt,
+%% draw=black!50,line width=0.2pt,-,
+ shorten >=2pt,shorten <=2pt,
+ },
+ block definition/.style={draw=black,inner sep=2\layergap,dash pattern=on 2.5pt off 0.5pt},
+ replicated/.style={
+ draw=black,
+ inner sep=\layergap, dash pattern=on 2.5pt off 0.35pt,
+ label={[%
+ inner sep=2pt,
+ anchor=south west,
+ ]south east:$\times ##1$},
+ },
+ %
+ inputs/.style={
+ text depth=1.5ex,
+ path picture={%
+ \draw[black,very thin]
+ ($(path picture bounding box.south west)+(1pt,6pt)$)--($(path picture bounding box.south east)+(-1pt,6pt)$)
+ %
+ node[midway,yshift=-15.5pt] {\scalebox{.5}{##1}};
+ }
+ },
+ %
+ param/.style={%
+ fill=paramcolor,
+%% preaction={fill=white},
+%% pattern color=black!15,
+%% pattern={Lines[line width=0.5pt,angle=-45,distance=1pt]}
+ },
+ meta param/.style={label={[%
+ inner sep=0pt,
+ text depth=0pt,
+ anchor=south west,
+ shift={(1.5pt,0pt)},
+ ]south east:{\tiny\color{blue}##1}}},
+ }
+}
+
+\newcommand{\diminfo}[3]{%
+ \coordinate (t) at ($(#2.north)+(\diminfoshift,0.5\layergap)$);
+ \node[inner sep=0pt,yshift=-0.5pt] (s) at (#1.north east-|t) {\tiny #3};
+ \draw[info line] (#1.north east|-s)--(s);
+}
+
+\newcommand{\defop}[2]{%
+%% \coordinate (BL) at ($(#1.north)+(-0.49\textwidth, 4\layergap)$);
+%% \coordinate (BR) at ($(#1.north)+( 0.49\textwidth, 4\layergap)$);
+%% \coordinate (TL) at ($(#2.south-|#1)+(-0.49\textwidth,-4\layergap)$);
+%% \coordinate (TR) at ($(#2.south-|#1)+( 0.49\textwidth,-4\layergap)$);
+ \begin{pgfinterruptboundingbox}
+ \node[anchor=south west,inner sep=2pt] (label) at #1 {#2};
+ \draw[decorate,decoration={coil,amplitude=0.5pt,segment length=2pt,aspect=0}] (label.south west) -- (label.south east);
+ \end{pgfinterruptboundingbox}
+}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% style on layer
+
+\tikzset{%
+ on layer/.code={
+ \pgfonlayer{#1}\begingroup
+ \aftergroup\endpgfonlayer
+ \aftergroup\endgroup
+ }}
+
+\makeatletter
+%% fix for bb computation of double wires.
+%% from https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/130456/tikz-double-lines-are-shifted
+\tikzset{
+ only coordinates are relevant/.is choice,
+ only coordinates are relevant/.default=true,
+ only coordinates are relevant/true/.code={%
+ \tikz@addmode{\pgf@relevantforpicturesizefalse}},
+ only coordinates are relevant/false/.code={%
+ \tikz@addmode{\pgf@relevantforpicturesizetrue}}
+}
+\makeatother
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\makeatletter
+% extract interval `start:end` values
+\def\get@interval@start#1:#2\@nil{#1}
+\def\get@interval@end#1:#2\@nil{#2}
+% get domain
+\def\domainmin{\expandafter\get@interval@start\tikz@plot@domain\@nil}
+\def\domainmax{\expandafter\get@interval@end\tikz@plot@domain\@nil}
+% get range
+\def\rangemin{\expandafter\get@interval@start\tikz@plot@range\@nil}
+\def\rangemax{\expandafter\get@interval@end\tikz@plot@range\@nil}
+\makeatother
+
+\usepackage{pgfplots}
+\usepgfplotslibrary{patchplots,colormaps}
+\pgfplotsset{compat = newest}
+
+\newcommand{\mygrid}[5]{%
+ \pgfmathsetmacro{\xmin}{#1+1}
+ \pgfmathsetmacro{\xmax}{#1+#3-1}
+ \pgfmathsetmacro{\ymin}{#2+1}
+ \pgfmathsetmacro{\ymax}{#2+#4-1}
+ \ifthenelse{\equal{#5}{}}
+ {\draw (#1,#2) rectangle ++(#3,#4);}
+ {\draw[fill=#5] (#1,#2) rectangle ++(#3,#4);}
+ \foreach \x in {\xmin,...,\xmax}{
+ \draw (\x,#2)-- ++(0,#4);
+ }
+ \foreach \y in {\ymin,...,\ymax}{
+ \draw (#1,\y)-- ++(#3,0);
+ }
+}
+
+\newcommand{\amatrix}[7]{%
+ \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.2]
+ \ifthenelse{\equal{#7}{}}
+ {}
+ {\draw[draw=none,fill=#7] (#3,#4) rectangle ++(#5,#6);}
+ \mygrid{0}{0}{#1}{#2}{}
+ \end{tikzpicture}%
+}
+
+\newcommand{\gridcube}[3]{% 7,4,6
+
+ \foreach \b in { 0,...,#2 }{
+ \draw (0,\b,0)--++(#1,0,0)--++(0,0,#3);
+ }
+
+ \foreach \d in { 0,...,#1 }{
+ \draw (\d,0,0)--++(0,#2,0)--++(0,0,#3);
+ }
+
+ \foreach \hw in { 0,...,#3 }{
+ \draw (0,0,\hw)++(#1,0,0)--++(0,#2,0)--++(-#1,0,0);
+ }
+}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% Bibliography
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\usepackage[square]{natbib}
+\bibliographystyle{plainnatmodified}
+
+\newcommand{\biburl}[1]{\href{#1}{pdf}}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% Layout
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\cftsetindents{part}{0em}{1.8em}
+\cftsetindents{chapter}{0em}{1.8em}
+\cftsetindents{section}{1.8em}{2.2em}
+
+\setlength{\parindent}{0cm}
+\setlength{\parskip}{2ex}
+
+\setstocksize{15cm}{8cm}
+\settrimmedsize{\stockheight}{\stockwidth}{*}
+\setlrmarginsandblock{8pt}{8pt}{*}
+\setulmarginsandblock{14pt}{26pt}{*}
+\setheadfoot{14pt}{14pt}
+\setheaderspaces{*}{*}{*}
+
+\makepagestyle{littlebook}
+\makeoddhead{littlebook}{}{}{}
+\makeevenhead{littlebook}{}{}{}
+\newcommand{\myfooter}{\footnotesize {\thepage \hskip 0.8em \raisebox{-2pt}{\vline height 8pt} \hskip 0.4em \thelastpage}}
+\makeoddfoot{littlebook}{}{\myfooter}{}
+\makeoddfoot{plain}{}{\myfooter}{}
+\pagestyle{littlebook}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\renewcommand{\partnamefont}{\centering\sffamily\scshape\Huge}
+\renewcommand{\partnumfont}{\sffamily\Huge}
+\renewcommand{\parttitlefont}{\centering\sffamily\scshape\Huge}
+\renewcommand{\beforepartskip}{\vspace*{\stretch{3}}}
+\renewcommand{\afterpartskip}{%
+\vspace*{\stretch{4}}
+\newpage%
+}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\makechapterstyle{Tufte}{
+\renewcommand{\chapterheadstart}{\null \vskip3.0\onelineskip}
+\renewcommand{\printchaptername}{\large\itshape\chaptername}
+\renewcommand{\printchapternum}{\LARGE\thechapter \\}
+\renewcommand{\afterchapternum}{}
+\renewcommand{\printchaptertitle}[1]{
+\raggedright
+\itshape\Huge{##1}}
+\renewcommand{\afterchaptertitle}{
+\vskip3.5\onelineskip
+}}
+\chapterstyle{Tufte}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\setsecheadstyle{\sethangfrom{\noindent ##1}\raggedright\sffamily\itshape\Large}
+\setbeforesecskip{-.9\onelineskip}
+\setaftersecskip{.5\onelineskip}
+
+\setsubsecheadstyle{\sethangfrom{\noindent ##1}\raggedright\sffamily\large\itshape}
+\setbeforesubsecskip{-.6\onelineskip}
+\setaftersubsecskip{.5\onelineskip}
+
+\setsubsubsecheadstyle{\sethangfrom{\noindent ##1}\raggedright\sffamily\itshape}
+\setbeforesubsubsecskip{-.5\onelineskip}
+\setaftersubsubsecskip{.1\onelineskip}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\captiontitlefont{\itshape\small}
+\captionnamefont{\small}
+\newcommand{\likecaption}{\color{black}\itshape\small}
+
+\midsloppy
+
+\checkandfixthelayout
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% The \todo command
+\newcounter{nbdrafts}
+\setcounter{nbdrafts}{0}
+\makeatletter
+\newcommand{\checknbdrafts}{
+\ifnum \thenbdrafts > 0
+\@latex@warning@no@line{*WARNING* The document contains \thenbdrafts \space draft note(s)}
+\fi}
+\newcommand{\todo}[1]{\addtocounter{nbdrafts}{1}{\color{red} #1}}
+\makeatother
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\definecolor{paper}{rgb}{0.95,0.95,0.95}
+\definecolor{math}{rgb}{0.0,0.5,0.0}
+%\definecolor{links}{rgb}{0.0,0.2,0.5}
+\definecolor{links}{rgb}{0.0,0.2,0.85}
+%\definecolor{hlcolor}{rgb}{0.8,1.0,0.85}
+
+\definecolor{blue}{rgb}{0.3,0.5,0.85}
+\definecolor{red}{rgb}{0.65,0.0,0.0}
+\definecolor{green}{rgb}{0.0,0.50,0.0}
+\definecolor{dimmed}{rgb}{0.8,0.8,0.8}
+\definecolor{orange}{rgb}{1.0,0.75,0.0}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% Pretty underline, taken from
+% https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/36894/underline-omitting-the-descenders
+
+\usepackage{soul}
+\usepackage{xcolor}
+\usepackage{xparse}
+\makeatletter
+
+\ExplSyntaxOn
+\cs_new:Npn \white_text:n #1
+ {
+ \fp_set:Nn \l_tmpa_fp {#1 * .01}
+ \llap{\textcolor{white}{\the\SOUL@syllable}\hspace{\fp_to_decimal:N \l_tmpa_fp em}}
+ \llap{\textcolor{white}{\the\SOUL@syllable}\hspace{-\fp_to_decimal:N \l_tmpa_fp em}}
+ }
+\NewDocumentCommand{\whiten}{ m }
+ {
+ \int_step_function:nnnN {1}{1}{#1} \white_text:n
+ }
+\ExplSyntaxOff
+
+\NewDocumentCommand{ \prettyul }{ D<>{5} O{0.2ex} O{0.1ex} +m } {%
+\begingroup
+\setul{#2}{#3}%
+\def\SOUL@uleverysyllable{%
+ \setbox0=\hbox{\the\SOUL@syllable}%
+ \ifdim\dp0>\z@
+ \SOUL@ulunderline{\phantom{\the\SOUL@syllable}}%
+ \whiten{#1}%
+ \llap{%
+ \the\SOUL@syllable
+ \SOUL@setkern\SOUL@charkern
+ }%
+ \else
+ \SOUL@ulunderline{%
+ \the\SOUL@syllable
+ \SOUL@setkern\SOUL@charkern
+ }%
+ \fi}%
+ \ul{#4}%
+\endgroup
+}
+
+\makeatother
+
+% end of prettyul
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\usepackage{accsupp}
+\usepackage{xcolor, soul}
+
+\definecolor{hlcolor}{rgb}{1.0,1.0,0.5}
+\definecolor{ulcolor}{rgb}{0.80,0.80,0.80}
+\sethlcolor{hlcolor}
+\setulcolor{ulcolor}
+\newcommand{\keyterm}[2][]{%
+ \BeginAccSupp{method=escape,ActualText={#2}}%
+ \ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{}}
+ {\prettyul[2pt]{#2}\index{#2}}
+ {\prettyul[2pt]{#2}\index{#1}}%
+ \EndAccSupp{}%
+}
+
+\newcommand{\gizmo}{%
+ \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.25]
+ \draw[draw=none,fill=red] (0,0) rectangle ++(1,1);
+ \draw[draw=none,fill=blue] (1,0) rectangle ++(1,1);
+ \draw[draw=none,fill=blue] (0,1) rectangle ++(1,1);
+ \draw[draw=none,fill=red] (1,1) rectangle ++(1,1);
+ \end{tikzpicture}
+}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
--- /dev/null
+%% File: `plainnat.bst'
+%% A modification of `plain.bst' for use with natbib package
+%%
+%% Copyright 1993-2007 Patrick W Daly
+%% Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Sonnensystemforschung
+%% Max-Planck-Str. 2
+%% D-37191 Katlenburg-Lindau
+%% Germany
+%% E-mail: daly@mps.mpg.de
+%%
+%% This program can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
+%% of the LaTeX Project Public License Distributed from CTAN
+%% archives in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt; either
+%% version 1 of the License, or any later version.
+%%
+ % Version and source file information:
+ % \ProvidesFile{natbst.mbs}[2007/11/26 1.93 (PWD)]
+ %
+ % BibTeX `plainnat' family
+ % version 0.99b for BibTeX versions 0.99a or later,
+ % for LaTeX versions 2.09 and 2e.
+ %
+ % For use with the `natbib.sty' package; emulates the corresponding
+ % member of the `plain' family, but with author-year citations.
+ %
+ % With version 6.0 of `natbib.sty', it may also be used for numerical
+ % citations, while retaining the commands \citeauthor, \citefullauthor,
+ % and \citeyear to print the corresponding information.
+ %
+ % For version 7.0 of `natbib.sty', the KEY field replaces missing
+ % authors/editors, and the date is left blank in \bibitem.
+ %
+ % Includes field EID for the sequence/citation number of electronic journals
+ % which is used instead of page numbers.
+ %
+ % Includes fields ISBN and ISSN.
+ %
+ % Includes field URL for Internet addresses.
+ %
+ % Includes field DOI for Digital Object Idenfifiers.
+ %
+ % Works best with the url.sty package of Donald Arseneau.
+ %
+ % Works with identical authors and year are further sorted by
+ % citation key, to preserve any natural sequence.
+ %
+ENTRY
+ { address
+ author
+ booktitle
+ chapter
+ doi
+ eid
+ edition
+ editor
+ howpublished
+ institution
+ isbn
+ issn
+ journal
+ key
+ month
+ note
+ number
+ organization
+ pages
+ publisher
+ school
+ series
+ title
+ type
+ pdf
+ volume
+ year
+ }
+ {}
+ { label extra.label sort.label short.list }
+
+INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.sentence after.block }
+
+FUNCTION {init.state.consts}
+{ #0 'before.all :=
+ #1 'mid.sentence :=
+ #2 'after.sentence :=
+ #3 'after.block :=
+}
+
+STRINGS { s t }
+
+FUNCTION {output.nonnull}
+{ 's :=
+ output.state mid.sentence =
+ { ", " * write$ }
+ { output.state after.block =
+ { add.period$ write$
+ newline$
+ "\newblock " write$
+ }
+ { output.state before.all =
+ 'write$
+ { add.period$ " " * write$ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ mid.sentence 'output.state :=
+ }
+ if$
+ s
+}
+
+FUNCTION {output}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+ 'pop$
+ 'output.nonnull
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {output.check}
+{ 't :=
+ duplicate$ empty$
+ { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+ 'output.nonnull
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {fin.entry}
+{ add.period$
+ write$
+ newline$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {new.block}
+{ output.state before.all =
+ 'skip$
+ { after.block 'output.state := }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {new.sentence}
+{ output.state after.block =
+ 'skip$
+ { output.state before.all =
+ 'skip$
+ { after.sentence 'output.state := }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {not}
+{ { #0 }
+ { #1 }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {and}
+{ 'skip$
+ { pop$ #0 }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {or}
+{ { pop$ #1 }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {new.block.checka}
+{ empty$
+ 'skip$
+ 'new.block
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {new.block.checkb}
+{ empty$
+ swap$ empty$
+ and
+ 'skip$
+ 'new.block
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {new.sentence.checka}
+{ empty$
+ 'skip$
+ 'new.sentence
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {new.sentence.checkb}
+{ empty$
+ swap$ empty$
+ and
+ 'skip$
+ 'new.sentence
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {field.or.null}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+ { pop$ "" }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {emphasize}
+{ duplicate$ empty$
+ { pop$ "" }
+ { "\textit{" swap$ * "}" * }
+ if$
+}
+
+INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames }
+
+FUNCTION {format.names}
+{ 's :=
+ #1 'nameptr :=
+ s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+ numnames 'namesleft :=
+ { namesleft #0 > }
+ { s nameptr "{f.~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ 't :=
+ nameptr #1 >
+ {
+ nameptr #3
+ #1 + =
+ numnames #4
+ > and
+ { "others" 't :=
+ #1 'namesleft := }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ namesleft #1 >
+ { ", " * t * }
+ {
+ s nameptr "{ll}" format.name$ duplicate$ "others" =
+ { 't := }
+ { pop$ }
+ if$
+ numnames #2 >
+ { "," * }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ t "others" =
+ { " et~al." * }
+ { " and " * t * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ 't
+ if$
+ nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+ namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+ }
+ while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.key}
+{ empty$
+ { key field.or.null }
+ { "" }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.authors}
+{ author empty$
+ { "" }
+ { author format.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.editors}
+{ editor empty$
+ { "" }
+ { editor format.names
+ editor num.names$ #1 >
+ { ", editors" * }
+ { ", editor" * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.isbn}
+{ isbn empty$
+ { "" }
+ { new.block "ISBN " isbn * }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.issn}
+{ issn empty$
+ { "" }
+ { new.block "ISSN " issn * }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.pdf}
+{ pdf empty$
+ { "" }
+ { new.block "[\biburl{" pdf * "}]" * }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.doi}
+{ doi empty$
+ { "" }
+ { new.block "\doi{" doi * "}" * }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.title}
+{ title empty$
+ { "" }
+ { title }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.full.names}
+{'s :=
+ #1 'nameptr :=
+ s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+ numnames 'namesleft :=
+ { namesleft #0 > }
+ { s nameptr
+ "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ 't :=
+ nameptr #1 >
+ {
+ namesleft #1 >
+ { ", " * t * }
+ {
+ numnames #2 >
+ { "," * }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ t "others" =
+ { " et~al." * }
+ { " and " * t * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ 't
+ if$
+ nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+ namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+ }
+ while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {author.editor.full}
+{ author empty$
+ { editor empty$
+ { "" }
+ { editor format.full.names }
+ if$
+ }
+ { author format.full.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {author.full}
+{ author empty$
+ { "" }
+ { author format.full.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {editor.full}
+{ editor empty$
+ { "" }
+ { editor format.full.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {make.full.names}
+{ type$ "book" =
+ type$ "inbook" =
+ or
+ 'author.editor.full
+ { type$ "proceedings" =
+ 'editor.full
+ 'author.full
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {output.bibitem}
+{ newline$
+ "\bibitem[" write$
+ label write$
+ ")" make.full.names duplicate$ short.list =
+ { pop$ }
+ { * }
+ if$
+ "]{" * write$
+ cite$ write$
+ "}" write$
+ newline$
+ ""
+ before.all 'output.state :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {n.dashify}
+{ 't :=
+ ""
+ { t empty$ not }
+ { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =
+ { t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not
+ { "--" *
+ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+ }
+ { { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }
+ { "-" *
+ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+ }
+ while$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ { t #1 #1 substring$ *
+ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.date}
+{ year duplicate$ empty$
+ { "empty year in " cite$ * warning$
+ pop$ "" }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ month empty$
+ 'skip$
+ { month
+ " " * swap$ *
+ }
+ if$
+ extra.label *
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.btitle}
+{ title emphasize
+}
+
+FUNCTION {tie.or.space.connect}
+{ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <
+ { "~" }
+ { " " }
+ if$
+ swap$ * *
+}
+
+FUNCTION {either.or.check}
+{ empty$
+ 'pop$
+ { "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.bvolume}
+{ volume empty$
+ { "" }
+ { "volume" volume tie.or.space.connect
+ series empty$
+ 'skip$
+ { " of " * series emphasize * }
+ if$
+ "volume and number" number either.or.check
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.number.series}
+{ volume empty$
+ { number empty$
+ { series field.or.null }
+ { output.state mid.sentence =
+ { "number" }
+ { "Number" }
+ if$
+ number tie.or.space.connect
+ series empty$
+ { "there's a number but no series in " cite$ * warning$ }
+ { " in " * series * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ { "" }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.edition}
+{ edition empty$
+ { "" }
+ { output.state mid.sentence =
+ { edition "l" change.case$ " edition" * }
+ { edition "t" change.case$ " edition" * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+INTEGERS { multiresult }
+
+FUNCTION {multi.page.check}
+{ 't :=
+ #0 'multiresult :=
+ { multiresult not
+ t empty$ not
+ and
+ }
+ { t #1 #1 substring$
+ duplicate$ "-" =
+ swap$ duplicate$ "," =
+ swap$ "+" =
+ or or
+ { #1 'multiresult := }
+ { t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }
+ if$
+ }
+ while$
+ multiresult
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.pages}
+{ pages empty$
+ { "" }
+ { pages multi.page.check
+ { "pages" pages n.dashify tie.or.space.connect }
+ { "page" pages tie.or.space.connect }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.eid}
+{ eid empty$
+ { "" }
+ { "art." eid tie.or.space.connect }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.vol.num.pages}
+{ volume field.or.null
+ number empty$
+ 'skip$
+ { "\penalty0 (" number * ")" * *
+ volume empty$
+ { "there's a number but no volume in " cite$ * warning$ }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ pages empty$
+ 'skip$
+ { duplicate$ empty$
+ { pop$ format.pages }
+ { ":\penalty0 " * pages n.dashify * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.vol.num.eid}
+{ volume field.or.null
+ number empty$
+ 'skip$
+ { "\penalty0 (" number * ")" * *
+ volume empty$
+ { "there's a number but no volume in " cite$ * warning$ }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ eid empty$
+ 'skip$
+ { duplicate$ empty$
+ { pop$ format.eid }
+ { ":\penalty0 " * eid * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.chapter.pages}
+{ chapter empty$
+ 'format.pages
+ { type empty$
+ { "chapter" }
+ { type "l" change.case$ }
+ if$
+ chapter tie.or.space.connect
+ pages empty$
+ 'skip$
+ { ", " * format.pages * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.in.ed.booktitle}
+{ booktitle empty$
+ { "" }
+ { editor empty$
+ { "In " booktitle emphasize * }
+ { "In " format.editors * ", " * booktitle emphasize * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {empty.misc.check}
+{ author empty$ title empty$ howpublished empty$
+ month empty$ year empty$ note empty$
+ and and and and and
+ key empty$ not and
+ { "all relevant fields are empty in " cite$ * warning$ }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.thesis.type}
+{ type empty$
+ 'skip$
+ { pop$
+ type "t" change.case$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.tr.number}
+{ type empty$
+ { "Technical Report" }
+ 'type
+ if$
+ number empty$
+ { "t" change.case$ }
+ { number tie.or.space.connect }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.article.crossref}
+{ key empty$
+ { journal empty$
+ { "need key or journal for " cite$ * " to crossref " * crossref *
+ warning$
+ ""
+ }
+ { "In \emph{" journal * "}" * }
+ if$
+ }
+ { "In " }
+ if$
+ " \citet{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.book.crossref}
+{ volume empty$
+ { "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$
+ "In "
+ }
+ { "Volume" volume tie.or.space.connect
+ " of " *
+ }
+ if$
+ editor empty$
+ editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
+ or
+ { key empty$
+ { series empty$
+ { "need editor, key, or series for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
+ crossref * warning$
+ "" *
+ }
+ { "\emph{" * series * "}" * }
+ if$
+ }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ " \citet{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.incoll.inproc.crossref}
+{ editor empty$
+ editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
+ or
+ { key empty$
+ { booktitle empty$
+ { "need editor, key, or booktitle for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
+ crossref * warning$
+ ""
+ }
+ { "In \emph{" booktitle * "}" * }
+ if$
+ }
+ { "In " }
+ if$
+ }
+ { "In " }
+ if$
+ " \citet{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+
+FUNCTION {article}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output
+ new.block
+ format.title "title" output.check
+ new.block
+ crossref missing$
+ { journal emphasize "journal" output.check
+ eid empty$
+ { format.vol.num.pages output }
+ { format.vol.num.eid output }
+ if$
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ }
+ { format.article.crossref output.nonnull
+ eid empty$
+ { format.pages output }
+ { format.eid output }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ format.issn output
+ format.doi output
+ format.pdf output
+ new.block
+ note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {book}
+{ output.bibitem
+ author empty$
+ { format.editors "author and editor" output.check
+ editor format.key output
+ }
+ { format.authors output.nonnull
+ crossref missing$
+ { "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ new.block
+ format.btitle "title" output.check
+ crossref missing$
+ { format.bvolume output
+ new.block
+ format.number.series output
+ new.sentence
+ publisher "publisher" output.check
+ address output
+ }
+ { new.block
+ format.book.crossref output.nonnull
+ }
+ if$
+ format.edition output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ format.isbn output
+ format.doi output
+ format.pdf output
+ new.block
+ note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {booklet}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors output
+ author format.key output
+ new.block
+ format.title "title" output.check
+ howpublished address new.block.checkb
+ howpublished output
+ address output
+ format.date output
+ format.isbn output
+ format.doi output
+ format.pdf output
+ new.block
+ note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {inbook}
+{ output.bibitem
+ author empty$
+ { format.editors "author and editor" output.check
+ editor format.key output
+ }
+ { format.authors output.nonnull
+ crossref missing$
+ { "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ new.block
+ format.btitle "title" output.check
+ crossref missing$
+ { format.bvolume output
+ format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
+ new.block
+ format.number.series output
+ new.sentence
+ publisher "publisher" output.check
+ address output
+ }
+ { format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
+ new.block
+ format.book.crossref output.nonnull
+ }
+ if$
+ format.edition output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ format.isbn output
+ format.doi output
+ format.pdf output
+ new.block
+ note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {incollection}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output
+ new.block
+ format.title "title" output.check
+ new.block
+ crossref missing$
+ { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
+ format.bvolume output
+ format.number.series output
+ format.chapter.pages output
+ new.sentence
+ publisher "publisher" output.check
+ address output
+ format.edition output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ }
+ { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
+ format.chapter.pages output
+ }
+ if$
+ format.isbn output
+ format.doi output
+ format.pdf output
+ new.block
+ note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {inproceedings}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output
+ new.block
+ format.title "title" output.check
+ new.block
+ crossref missing$
+ { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
+ format.bvolume output
+ format.number.series output
+ format.pages output
+ address empty$
+ { organization publisher new.sentence.checkb
+ organization output
+ publisher output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ }
+ { address output.nonnull
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ new.sentence
+ organization output
+ publisher output
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
+ format.pages output
+ }
+ if$
+ format.isbn output
+ format.doi output
+ format.pdf output
+ new.block
+ note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {conference} { inproceedings }
+
+FUNCTION {manual}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors output
+ author format.key output
+ new.block
+ format.btitle "title" output.check
+ organization address new.block.checkb
+ organization output
+ address output
+ format.edition output
+ format.date output
+ format.pdf output
+ new.block
+ note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {mastersthesis}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output
+ new.block
+ format.title "title" output.check
+ new.block
+ "Master's thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull
+ school "school" output.check
+ address output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ format.pdf output
+ new.block
+ note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {misc}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors output
+ author format.key output
+ title howpublished new.block.checkb
+ format.title output
+ howpublished new.block.checka
+ howpublished output
+ format.date output
+ format.issn output
+ format.pdf output
+ new.block
+ note output
+ fin.entry
+ empty.misc.check
+}
+
+FUNCTION {phdthesis}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output
+ new.block
+ format.btitle "title" output.check
+ new.block
+ "PhD thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull
+ school "school" output.check
+ address output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ format.pdf output
+ new.block
+ note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {proceedings}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.editors output
+ editor format.key output
+ new.block
+ format.btitle "title" output.check
+ format.bvolume output
+ format.number.series output
+ address output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ new.sentence
+ organization output
+ publisher output
+ format.isbn output
+ format.doi output
+ format.pdf output
+ new.block
+ note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {techreport}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output
+ new.block
+ format.title "title" output.check
+ new.block
+ format.tr.number output.nonnull
+ institution "institution" output.check
+ address output
+ format.date "year" output.check
+ format.pdf output
+ new.block
+ note output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {unpublished}
+{ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output
+ new.block
+ format.title "title" output.check
+ new.block
+ note "note" output.check
+ format.date output
+ format.pdf output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {default.type} { misc }
+
+
+MACRO {jan} {"January"}
+
+MACRO {feb} {"February"}
+
+MACRO {mar} {"March"}
+
+MACRO {apr} {"April"}
+
+MACRO {may} {"May"}
+
+MACRO {jun} {"June"}
+
+MACRO {jul} {"July"}
+
+MACRO {aug} {"August"}
+
+MACRO {sep} {"September"}
+
+MACRO {oct} {"October"}
+
+MACRO {nov} {"November"}
+
+MACRO {dec} {"December"}
+
+
+
+MACRO {acmcs} {"ACM Computing Surveys"}
+
+MACRO {acta} {"Acta Informatica"}
+
+MACRO {cacm} {"Communications of the ACM"}
+
+MACRO {ibmjrd} {"IBM Journal of Research and Development"}
+
+MACRO {ibmsj} {"IBM Systems Journal"}
+
+MACRO {ieeese} {"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering"}
+
+MACRO {ieeetc} {"IEEE Transactions on Computers"}
+
+MACRO {ieeetcad}
+ {"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits"}
+
+MACRO {ipl} {"Information Processing Letters"}
+
+MACRO {jacm} {"Journal of the ACM"}
+
+MACRO {jcss} {"Journal of Computer and System Sciences"}
+
+MACRO {scp} {"Science of Computer Programming"}
+
+MACRO {sicomp} {"SIAM Journal on Computing"}
+
+MACRO {tocs} {"ACM Transactions on Computer Systems"}
+
+MACRO {tods} {"ACM Transactions on Database Systems"}
+
+MACRO {tog} {"ACM Transactions on Graphics"}
+
+MACRO {toms} {"ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software"}
+
+MACRO {toois} {"ACM Transactions on Office Information Systems"}
+
+MACRO {toplas} {"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems"}
+
+MACRO {tcs} {"Theoretical Computer Science"}
+
+
+READ
+
+FUNCTION {sortify}
+{ purify$
+ "l" change.case$
+}
+
+INTEGERS { len }
+
+FUNCTION {chop.word}
+{ 's :=
+ 'len :=
+ s #1 len substring$ =
+ { s len #1 + global.max$ substring$ }
+ 's
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.lab.names}
+{ 's :=
+ s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
+ s num.names$ duplicate$
+ #2 >
+ { pop$ " et~al." * }
+ { #2 <
+ 'skip$
+ { s #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
+ { " et~al." * }
+ { " and " * s #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {author.key.label}
+{ author empty$
+ { key empty$
+ { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+ 'key
+ if$
+ }
+ { author format.lab.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {author.editor.key.label}
+{ author empty$
+ { editor empty$
+ { key empty$
+ { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+ 'key
+ if$
+ }
+ { editor format.lab.names }
+ if$
+ }
+ { author format.lab.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {author.key.organization.label}
+{ author empty$
+ { key empty$
+ { organization empty$
+ { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+ { "The " #4 organization chop.word #3 text.prefix$ }
+ if$
+ }
+ 'key
+ if$
+ }
+ { author format.lab.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {editor.key.organization.label}
+{ editor empty$
+ { key empty$
+ { organization empty$
+ { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+ { "The " #4 organization chop.word #3 text.prefix$ }
+ if$
+ }
+ 'key
+ if$
+ }
+ { editor format.lab.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {calc.short.authors}
+{ type$ "book" =
+ type$ "inbook" =
+ or
+ 'author.editor.key.label
+ { type$ "proceedings" =
+ 'editor.key.organization.label
+ { type$ "manual" =
+ 'author.key.organization.label
+ 'author.key.label
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ 'short.list :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {calc.label}
+{ calc.short.authors
+ short.list
+ "("
+ *
+ year duplicate$ empty$
+ short.list key field.or.null = or
+ { pop$ "" }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ *
+ 'label :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {sort.format.names}
+{ 's :=
+ #1 'nameptr :=
+ ""
+ s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+ numnames 'namesleft :=
+ { namesleft #0 > }
+ {
+ s nameptr "{vv{ } }{ll{ }}{ ff{ }}{ jj{ }}" format.name$ 't :=
+ nameptr #1 >
+ {
+ " " *
+ namesleft #1 = t "others" = and
+ { "zzzzz" * }
+ { numnames #2 > nameptr #2 = and
+ { "zz" * year field.or.null * " " * }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ t sortify *
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ { t sortify * }
+ if$
+ nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+ namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+ }
+ while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {sort.format.title}
+{ 't :=
+ "A " #2
+ "An " #3
+ "The " #4 t chop.word
+ chop.word
+ chop.word
+ sortify
+ #1 global.max$ substring$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {author.sort}
+{ author empty$
+ { key empty$
+ { "to sort, need author or key in " cite$ * warning$
+ ""
+ }
+ { key sortify }
+ if$
+ }
+ { author sort.format.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {author.editor.sort}
+{ author empty$
+ { editor empty$
+ { key empty$
+ { "to sort, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+ ""
+ }
+ { key sortify }
+ if$
+ }
+ { editor sort.format.names }
+ if$
+ }
+ { author sort.format.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {author.organization.sort}
+{ author empty$
+ { organization empty$
+ { key empty$
+ { "to sort, need author, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+ ""
+ }
+ { key sortify }
+ if$
+ }
+ { "The " #4 organization chop.word sortify }
+ if$
+ }
+ { author sort.format.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {editor.organization.sort}
+{ editor empty$
+ { organization empty$
+ { key empty$
+ { "to sort, need editor, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+ ""
+ }
+ { key sortify }
+ if$
+ }
+ { "The " #4 organization chop.word sortify }
+ if$
+ }
+ { editor sort.format.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+
+FUNCTION {presort}
+{ calc.label
+ label sortify
+ " "
+ *
+ type$ "book" =
+ type$ "inbook" =
+ or
+ 'author.editor.sort
+ { type$ "proceedings" =
+ 'editor.organization.sort
+ { type$ "manual" =
+ 'author.organization.sort
+ 'author.sort
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ " "
+ *
+ year field.or.null sortify
+ *
+ " "
+ *
+ cite$
+ *
+ #1 entry.max$ substring$
+ 'sort.label :=
+ sort.label *
+ #1 entry.max$ substring$
+ 'sort.key$ :=
+}
+
+ITERATE {presort}
+
+SORT
+
+STRINGS { longest.label last.label next.extra }
+
+INTEGERS { longest.label.width last.extra.num number.label }
+
+FUNCTION {initialize.longest.label}
+{ "" 'longest.label :=
+ #0 int.to.chr$ 'last.label :=
+ "" 'next.extra :=
+ #0 'longest.label.width :=
+ #0 'last.extra.num :=
+ #0 'number.label :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {forward.pass}
+{ last.label label =
+ { last.extra.num #1 + 'last.extra.num :=
+ last.extra.num int.to.chr$ 'extra.label :=
+ }
+ { "a" chr.to.int$ 'last.extra.num :=
+ "" 'extra.label :=
+ label 'last.label :=
+ }
+ if$
+ number.label #1 + 'number.label :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION {reverse.pass}
+{ next.extra "b" =
+ { "a" 'extra.label := }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ extra.label 'next.extra :=
+ extra.label
+ duplicate$ empty$
+ 'skip$
+ { "{\natexlab{" swap$ * "}}" * }
+ if$
+ 'extra.label :=
+ label extra.label * 'label :=
+}
+
+EXECUTE {initialize.longest.label}
+
+ITERATE {forward.pass}
+
+REVERSE {reverse.pass}
+
+FUNCTION {bib.sort.order}
+{ sort.label 'sort.key$ :=
+}
+
+ITERATE {bib.sort.order}
+
+SORT
+
+FUNCTION {begin.bib}
+{ preamble$ empty$
+ 'skip$
+ { preamble$ write$ newline$ }
+ if$
+ "\begin{thebibliography}{" number.label int.to.str$ * "}" *
+ write$ newline$
+ "\providecommand{\natexlab}[1]{#1}"
+ write$ newline$
+ "\providecommand{\url}[1]{\texttt{#1}}"
+ write$ newline$
+ "\expandafter\ifx\csname urlstyle\endcsname\relax"
+ write$ newline$
+ " \providecommand{\doi}[1]{doi: #1}\else"
+ write$ newline$
+ " \providecommand{\doi}{doi: \begingroup \urlstyle{rm}\Url}\fi"
+ write$ newline$
+}
+
+EXECUTE {begin.bib}
+
+EXECUTE {init.state.consts}
+
+ITERATE {call.type$}
+
+FUNCTION {end.bib}
+{ newline$
+ "\end{thebibliography}" write$ newline$
+}
+
+EXECUTE {end.bib}
--- /dev/null
+@article{arxiv-1706.03762,
+ author={Vaswani, A. and Shazeer, N. and Parmar, N. and Uszkoreit, J. and Jones, L. and Gomez, A. and Kaiser, L. and Polosukhin, I.},
+ title={Attention Is All You Need},
+ journal={CoRR},
+ volume={abs/1706.03762},
+ year={2017},
+ pdf={https://arxiv.org/pdf/1706.03762}
+}
+
+@article{arxiv-1502.05767,
+ author={Baydin, A. and Pearlmutter, B. and Radul, A. and Siskind, J.},
+ title={Automatic differentiation in machine learning: a survey},
+ journal={CoRR},
+ volume={abs/1502.05767},
+ year={2015},
+ pdf={https://arxiv.org/pdf/1502.05767}
+}
+
+@article{arxiv-1907.07174,
+ author={Hendrycks, D. and Zhao, K. and Basart, S. and Steinhardt, J. and Song, D.},
+ title={Natural Adversarial Examples},
+ journal={CoRR},
+ volume={abs/1907.07174},
+ year={2019},
+ pdf={https://arxiv.org/pdf/1907.07174}
+}
--- /dev/null
+% -*- mode: latex; mode: reftex; mode: auto-fill; mode: flyspell; coding: utf-8; tex-command: "pdflatex.sh" -*-
+
+\documentclass[oneside,11pt]{memoir}
+
+\input{layout.tex}
+
+\usepackage{lipsum}
+
+\hypersetup{
+ pdfauthor={xxxxxx},
+ pdftitle={xxxxxx},
+ pdfsubject={xxxxxx},
+ pdfkeywords={xxxxxx},
+ pdfproducer={LaTeX and TikZ},
+ pdfcreator={pdflatex},
+}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\thispagestyle{empty}
+
+\begin{center}
+
+\vspace*{\stretch{1}}
+
+{\huge The Little Book\\[0.75ex] of\\[1.75ex] Something}
+
+\vspace*{4ex}
+
+xxx xxx
+
+\vspace*{\stretch{1}}
+
+\end{center}
+
+\newpage
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\vspace*{\stretch{1.25}}
+
+\lipsum[1-2]
+
+\vspace*{\stretch{1}}
+
+\begin{flushright}
+\footnotesize beta-\dotdate\today
+\end{flushright}
+
+\vspace*{-3ex}
+
+\newpage
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% Table of content
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+{
+\everymath{\color{black}}
+\tableofcontents* % Prints the table of contents
+%\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Contents}
+}
+
+\clearpage
+
+\listoffigures*
+\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{List of figures}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\chapter*{Foreword}
+\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Foreword}
+
+\keyterm[lorem]{Lorem}
+
+\lipsum[1-3]
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\part{Foundations}
+
+
+%% This first part provides a minimal background about machine
+%% learning, issues and techniques for efficient computation, and the
+%% strategies to train a parametric model.
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\chapter{Lorem}
+
+\cite{arxiv-1907.07174}
+
+\lipsum[1-10]
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\chapter{Ipsum}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\begin{figure}
+ \center
+ \begin{tikzpicture}[deepnet]
+ \path
+ node[var] (X) {$X$}
+ coordinate[next=4,layer] (encoder start)
+ node[next=4,layer,param] (encoder embed) {$\embedding$}
+ node[next,layer small] (encoder sum) {$+$}
+ node[next=4,layer large,param] (encoder sa) {$\selfattention$}
+ coordinate[next=4,layer] (encoder end)
+ ;
+
+ \node[var,left=10pt of encoder sum] (encoder pe) {$\positionalencoding$};
+
+ \path
+ node[var,above=8mm of encoder sa] (Z) {$Z$}
+ coordinate[next=4,layer] (decoder start)
+ node[next=4,layer,param] (decoder embed) {$\embedding$}
+ node[next,layer small] (decoder sum) {$+$}
+ node[next=4,layer large,param,text height=3.5ex,every text node part/.style={align=center}] (decoder sa) {$\operatorname{causal}$\\[-1pt]$\selfattention$}
+ node[next=4,param,layer large,inputs={$\hspace*{3pt}Q\hspace*{38pt}KV$}] (decoder ca) {$\crossattention$}
+ node[next=4,layer,param] (decoder readout) {$\fullyconnected$}
+ coordinate[next=4,layer] (end)
+ node[next=4,var] (Y) {$Y$}
+ ;
+
+ \node[var,left=10pt of decoder sum] (decoder pe) {$\positionalencoding$};
+
+ \begin{scope}[on background layer]
+ \node[replicated=N,fit=(encoder sa)] {};
+ \node[replicated=N,fit=(decoder sa) (decoder ca)] {};
+
+ \draw[halo]
+ (X)--(encoder start)--(encoder embed)--(encoder sum)--(encoder sa)
+ ;
+
+ \draw[halo]
+ (Z)--(decoder start)--(decoder embed)--(decoder sum)--(decoder sa)
+ ;
+
+ \draw[halo] (encoder pe)--(encoder sum);
+ \draw[halo,->] (decoder ca) -- (decoder readout) -- (Y);
+
+ \draw[halo] (decoder pe)--(decoder sum);
+
+ \coordinate (decoder ca q) at ($(decoder ca.south west)!0.5!(decoder ca.south)$);
+ \coordinate (decoder ca kv) at ($(decoder ca.south east)!0.5!(decoder ca.south)$);
+ \coordinate (decoder ca kv d) at ($(decoder ca kv)!0.5!(decoder ca kv|-decoder sa.north)$);
+
+ \draw[halo] (decoder ca q)--(decoder ca q|-decoder sa.north);
+ %% \draw[halo] (decoder ca kv)|-(encoder end)--(encoder sa.north);
+ \draw[halo] (decoder ca kv)--(decoder ca kv d)--++(3.25\layerthickness,0)|-(encoder end)--(encoder sa.north);
+ \end{scope}
+
+ \begin{pgfinterruptboundingbox}
+
+ \node[fit=(encoder embed) (encoder pe) (encoder sa),xshift=-5pt] (encoder) {};
+
+ \draw[curly brace]
+ %
+ (encoder.south west) -- (encoder.north west)
+ %
+ node[midway,left,every text node part/.style={align=center},xshift=-0.5em,yshift=2pt] {\likecaption Encoder};
+
+ \node[fit=(decoder embed) (decoder pe) (decoder readout),xshift=-5pt] (decoder) {};
+
+ \draw[curly brace]
+ %
+ (decoder.south west) -- (decoder.north west)
+ %
+ node[midway,left,every text node part/.style={align=center},xshift=-0.5em,yshift=2pt] {\likecaption Decoder};
+
+ \setlength{\diminfoshift}{85pt}
+ \diminfo{X}{X}{$T$}
+ \diminfo{encoder embed}{X}{$T \times D$}
+ \diminfo{encoder sa}{X}{$T \times D$}
+ \diminfo{Z}{X}{$S$}
+ \diminfo{decoder embed}{X}{$S \times D$}
+ \diminfo{decoder ca}{X}{$S \times D$}
+ \diminfo{decoder readout}{X}{$S \times V$}
+ \end{pgfinterruptboundingbox}
+
+ \end{tikzpicture}
+
+ \caption[Transformer]{Original encoder-decoder
+ \keyterm[Transformer]{Transformer model} for sequence-to-sequence
+ translation \citep{arxiv-1706.03762}.}\label{fig:transformer}
+\end{figure}
+
+\lipsum[1-10]
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\bibliography{test}
+
+%% If there is an index, it should follow the bibliography (see the
+%% Manual, 14.62). Bibliography entries are listed in one alphabetical
+%% sequence arranged by the surname of the first author or by title if
+%% there is no author.25 Nov 2022
+%%
+%% Bibliography - Chicago Citation Style, 17th Edition - Library
+
+\printindex
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\newpage
+
+\vspace*{\stretch{1}}
+
+\ifdefined\draft
+\begin{center}
+ {\color{red} (draft, do not circulate)}
+\end{center}
+\else
+This book is licensed under the
+\href{https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/}{Creative
+ Commons BY-NC-SA 4.0 International License.}
+\fi
+
+\vspace*{\stretch{1}}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\checknbdrafts
+
+\end{document}
projects / littlebook.git / commitdiff